Unit+9+-+Solutions

__solubility__- amount that dissolves in a given volume at a given temperature
Rule of solutions "likes dissolve likes" Water is a polar solvent and will dissolve polar molecules and substances that contain charged particles. Soluble substances are ones that dissolve in H2O. Substances that don't dissolve in water are said to be __insoluble__. A solution is __saturated__ when it has dissolved all of the solute that it can dissolve. when it has not yet reached its limit of solute it is __unsaturated__. A solution can become __supersaturated__ if it is heated and then more solvent is added.

Molarity can be found by taking moles over liters, and it is labeled M.

A **heterogeneous** mixture is inconsistent, non-uniform mixture in which the contents an be mechanically seperated. Ex.- Chocolate Chip Cookies

A **homogeneous** mixture has definite consistent properties. Cannot be mechanically seperated. Looks the same throughout. Ex. Brass, Glass

1) A solution of sucrose (sugar) in water is in equilibrium with solid sucrose. If more solid sucrose is now added, with stirring, A. the concentration of the solution will increase. B. the concentration of the solution will decrease. C. the concentration of the solution will remain the same. D. the volume of solution will increase. E. a supersaturated solution will be produced.

2) Potassium fluoride is used for frosting glass. Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 78.6 g of KF in enough water to produce 225 mL of solution. A. 0.304 M B. 0.349 M C. 1.35 M D. 3.29 M  E. 6.01 M

3) Potassium hydrogen phosphate is used in the preparation of non-dairy powdered creamers. Calculate the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 238 g of K2HPO4 in enough water to produce 275 mL of solution. A. 0.732 M B. 0.865 M C. 2.66 M  D. 4.97 M E. none of these choices is correct

4) The solubility of the oxidizing agent potassium permanganate is 7.1 g per 100.0 g of water at 25°C. What is the mole fraction of potassium permanganate in this solution? A. 0.0080 B. 0.0086 ** C. 0.066  **  D. 0.45 E. 0.48